出租
收益管理
收入
容器(类型理论)
定量配给
微观经济学
经济
功能(生物学)
马尔可夫决策过程
价值(数学)
马尔可夫过程
计算机科学
运筹学
计量经济学
数学
财务
机械工程
医疗保健
统计
进化生物学
机器学习
经济增长
政治学
法学
生物
工程类
作者
Xufeng Yang,Juliang Zhang,Wen Jiao,Hong Yan
出处
期刊:Management Science
[Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences]
日期:2022-05-19
被引量:2
标识
DOI:10.1287/mnsc.2022.4425
摘要
In this paper, we consider a container leasing firm that has elementary and premium containers, which are downward substitutable and for use by elementary contract customers (ECCs), premium contract customers (PCCs), as well as walk-in customers (WICs). ECCs can be satisfied by elementary containers or premium ones at discounted prices while PCCs only accept premium containers. WICs can be satisfied by any type of container at different prices. The objective is to maximise the expected total rental revenue by managing its limited capacity. We formulate this problem as a discrete-time Markov Decision Process and show the submodularity and concavity of the value function. Based on this, we show that the optimal policy can be characterised by a series of rationing thresholds, a series of substitution thresholds and a priority threshold, all of which depend on the system states. We further give conditions under which the optimal policy can be simplified. Numerical experiments are conducted to show the impact of the substitution of two items on the revenue, to compare the performance of the optimal policy with those of the commonly used policies and to investigate the influence of arrival rates on the optimal policy. Last, we extend the basic model to consider different rental durations, ECCs’ acceptance behaviour and endogenous prices for WICs. This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management.
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