X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of Co3O4, Fe3O4, Mn3O4, and related compounds

The metal 2p region spectra of the mixed valence spinels, Co3O4, Fe3O4, Mn3O4, and related compounds were studied. The satellite splittings of Co 2p32 for the octahedrally coordinated cobaltous ions are 6.2 eV and those for the tetrahedrally coordinated ones are about 5.3 eV. The Co 2p spectrum for Co3O4 is considered to be the sum of spectra of magnetic cobaltous ions and low-spin cobaltic ions. In the cases of Fe3O4 and Mn3O4, the oxidation states were not clearly distinguished because both the divalent and trivalent ions of iron and manganese are high-spin.