Clinical Spectrum of Children With Parvovirus B19–Associated Acute Myocarditis

BACKGROUND: Parvovirus B19 is a DNA virus transmitted via respiratory droplets, commonly causing erythema infectiosum in children but also implicated in acute myocarditis. In 2024, an outbreak of parvovirus B19 infections was reported across Europe and the United States. Despite growing awareness, data on the clinical features and outcomes of children with parvovirus B19-associated acute myocarditis remain limited. METHODS: ). Population-based incidence trends of pediatric myocarditis were also evaluated in the Lombardy region from 2004 through 2024. RESULTS: cases. CONCLUSIONS: acute myocarditis cases surged in Italy and were associated with severe outcomes. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis, and early virological testing is essential to guide management and potentially improve outcomes.