Visualizing astrocytic uptake of TAMRA-labeled poloxamer 188 via live-cell imaging

Abstract Poloxamer 188 (P188) has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for injuries affecting the muscle, heart, and neurons. Its protective effects are thought to stem primarily from the resealing of damaged plasma membranes. Yet its mechanisms remain unclear. Due to P188's lack of intrinsic optical properties, real-time visualization of its distribution has been challenging. Here, we address this issue in astrocytes using a fluorescent P188-TAMRA conjugate. Our results demonstrate direct visualization of P188 internalization, providing clear evidence of cellular entry and suggesting potential enrichment along the endocytic pathway.