Biochemical features of migraine pathogenesis

The article addresses the main mechanisms of migraine pathogenesis in terms of biochemical features (neurotransmitter metabolism, neurochemistry, neurophysiology, and neurogenetics). The effect of hormones, electrolytes (magnesium, calcium, sodium), vitamins (vitamin D, B12), and other biologically active molecules (melatonin, L-carnitine, L-tryptophan) on the course of the disease is considered. Including some laboratory tests in the migraine diagnostic algorithm helps identify the secondary nature of headache and/or dizziness, manage therapeutic approaches, and adjust the prognosis and treatment outcomes.