Exploring the transformative travel process: testing the moderating role of travel motivation and the mediating role of self-reflection of solo travelers

This study focuses on understanding how transformation happens and the emergence of different dimensions, including existential transformation, learning transformation, and behavioral transformation from solo travelers' perspectives. The hypotheses were drawn from sparse literature review and were tested based on validated measurement scales. A questionnaire was distributed and successfully collected 336 valid online responses, which was then analysis using SmartPLS 3.0. The findings reveal significant direct relationships between transformative travel experiences and their dimensions. The paper provides useful insights for transformation theory about the influence of different dimensions, namely, travel motivation, self-reflection on the transformation process of solo travelers.