Recent advances in transition metal oxides as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion capacitors

In recent years, driven by the widespread adoption of hybrid electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, there has been a notable surge in demand for energy storage devices boasting high power density and energy density. Additionally, the growing emphasis on renewable energy sources has spurred an immediate need for high energy density storage solutions. Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) represent a novel class of energy storage devices positioned between supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Leveraging their high power density, high energy density, and extended cycle life, LICs are poised to meet the burgeoning demand for advanced energy storage technologies. Transition metal oxide (TMO) materials boast exceptional lithium storage capacity, a moderate voltage platform, abundant resources, affordability, eco-friendliness, making them ideal candidates as anode electrode materials for LICs. This review explores the various preparation methods employed for transition metal oxide anodes, delving into their electrochemical properties and conducting a thorough analysis of their advantages and drawbacks as anode materials for LICs. Furthermore, the review offers insights into the prospective future directions for the development of transition metal oxide anodes, guiding research efforts toward enhancing the performance and applicability of TMO-based LICs.