The performance,the field of applications,surface treatment methods and their development of aluminium and aluminium alloy have been simply reviewed.And the potential of graining and coloring technology of aluminium and aluminium alloy,different methods and characteristics of graining and coloring technology,mechanisms of graining have been indicated in detail,especially for the processing and mechanisms of electrolytic graining of aluminium and aluminium alloy,including systems of electrolytic graining technology and their effects,desmuting process,anodic oxidation,coloring and sealing,etc..Brief introductions about the process are given.The applications and direction of graining and coloring technology of aluminium and aluminium alloy will be put forward after a particular discussion.