Problems and Countermeasures of Using Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron in Groundwater Contamination Remediation

The problems and countermeasures of using the Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron(NZVI) for groundwater contamination remediation were introduced in this paper.NZVI can remove the halogenated hydrocarbons(mainly chlorinated hydrocarbons) from water and Cr,Pb,and As pollutants.The efficiency of contamination remediation can decrease because of the agglomeration,deposition,and inactivation of NZVI in water.The methods of sonication and adding microorganisms combined with the loading of NZVI to the surface of other solids and the change of the surface properties of NZVI are effective means to improve the ability of NZVI for groundwater contamination remediation.The effects of the complex underground environmental factors on using the NZVI in groundwater contamination remediation and the improvement of the NZVI technique in groundwater contamination remediation are important issues in future studies.