Review of biomass-based materials for uranium adsorption

Uranium is for a long time the main nuclear fuel on the global level. However, in nuclear energy mining and disposal, radioactive elements may leak into the environment and endanger human health, so the suppression and control of the contamination have attracted considerable attention. The treatment of uranium wastewater by adsorption is a cost-effective approach that enables a high removal rate and high selectivity even for low metal concentrations. A novel sustainable strategy proposes using biomass-based materials as high added-value uranium adsorbents. This paper reviews the classification, preparation, modification, and adsorption properties of biomass-based uranium adsorption materials, summarizes the current state-of-the-art, and discusses future development directions and research trends.