Demand, status, and prospect of antibiotics detection in the environment

The discharge and migration of antibiotics in the environment become a threat to human health and pose long term impact on ecological security, which leads to a great need for efficient analytical methods for antibiotic monitoring. To tackle this demand, various strategies for antibiotics detection have been developed in the past decades. This review article comprehensively summarizes recent progress in antibiotic monitoring with an emphasis on antibiotic analysis in environmental samples including food, biological samples, water and wastewater, soil, manure, and solid wastes. The working principles and detection performances of these methods are introduced. The existing challenges and future directions for antibiotic monitoring are discussed, which is instructive for the development of advanced antibiotic analytical techniques for efficient monitoring and control of antibiotic pollution in the environment.