阿格里坎
细胞外基质
软骨
骨关节炎
软骨细胞
化学
纤维
超分子化学
生物物理学
纳米压痕
力谱学
基质(化学分析)
细胞生物学
材料科学
纳米技术
关节软骨
解剖
原子力显微镜
病理
生物化学
生物
结晶学
医学
替代医学
晶体结构
复合材料
色谱法
作者
Ilhem Lilia Jaabar,Pascale Cornette,Antoine Miche,Kristell Wanherdrick,Vincent Duprès,F.-P. Ehkirch,Annette Binder,Francis Bérenbaum,Xavier Houard,Jessem Landoulsi
出处
期刊:Nanoscale
[The Royal Society of Chemistry]
日期:2022-01-01
卷期号:14 (24): 8691-8708
被引量:10
摘要
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage is a three-dimensional network mainly constituted of entangled collagen fibrils and interfibrillar aggrecan aggregates. During the development of osteoarthritis (OA), the most common musculoskeletal disorder, the ECM is subjected to a combination of chemical and structural changes that play a pivotal role in the initiation and the progress of the disease. While the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathological remodelling of the ECM are considered as decisive, they remain, however, not completely elucidated. Herein, we report a relevant way for unravelling the role and nature of OA progress on human cartilage tissues, in terms of chemical composition and morphological and mechanical properties at the level of supramolecular assemblies constituting the cartilage ECM. For this purpose, we used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and developed an innovative methodological approach that provides the molecular composition of the ECM. Moreover, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to probe the tissues at the level of individual collagen fibrils, both imaging and force spectroscopy modes being explored to this end. Taken together, these nanoscale characterization studies reveal the existence of two stages in the OA progress. At the early stage, a marked increase in the aggrecan and collagen content is observed, reflecting the homeostatic chondrocyte activity that tends to repair the cartilage ECM. At the late stage, we observe a failed attempt to stabilize and/or restore the tissue, yielding significant degradation of the supramolecular assemblies. This suggests an imbalance in the chondrocyte activity that turns in favor of catabolic events. Chemical changes are also accompanied by ECM structural changes and stiffening. Interestingly, we showed the possibility to mimic the imbalanced activities of chondrocytes by applying enzymatic digestions of healthy cartilage, through the combined action of hyaluronidase and collagenase. This yields damage strictly analogous to that observed at high OA severity. These findings bring mechanistic insights leading to a better understanding of the mechanism by which OA is initiated and progresses in the cartilage ECM. They offer guidelines for the development of curative treatments, such as targeting the homeostatic balance of chondrocyte metabolism through the control of enzymatic reactions involved in catabolic processes.
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