Extraordinary Enhancement of Raman Scattering from Pyridine on Single Crystal Au and Pt Electrodes by Shell-Isolated Au Nanoparticles

We used shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SHINERS) to systematically study the adsorption of pyridine on low-index Au(hkl) and Pt(hkl) single crystal electrodes. Our gold-core silica-shell nanoparticles (Au@SiO(2) NPs) boost the intensity of Raman scattering from molecules adsorbed on atomically flat surfaces. The average enhancement factor reaches 10(6) for Au(110) and 10(5) for Pt(110), which is comparable to or even greater than that obtained for bare gold NPs (a widely adopted SERS substrate). 3D-FDTD simulations reveal that this large enhancement is due to the transfer of the "hotspots" from NP-NP gaps to NP-surface gaps. We also found that the SHINERS intensity strongly depends on the surface crystallographic orientation, with differences up to a factor of 30. Periodic DFT calculations and theoretical analysis of dielectric functions indicate that this facet-dependence is predominantly governed by the dielectric property of the surface. The results presented in this work may open up new approaches for the characterization of adsorbates and reaction pathways on a wide range of smooth surfaces.