维生素D与神经学
内分泌学
内科学
骨化三醇受体
多囊卵巢
维生素D缺乏
睾酮(贴片)
不育
医学
生物
怀孕
胰岛素抵抗
糖尿病
遗传学
作者
Elisabeth Lerchbaum,Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch
出处
期刊:European journal of endocrinology
[Bioscientifica]
日期:2012-01-24
卷期号:166 (5): 765-778
被引量:290
摘要
Vitamin D has been well-known for its function in maintaining calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and promoting bone mineralization. There is some evidence that in addition to sex steroid hormones, the classic regulators of human reproduction, vitamin D also modulates reproductive processes in women and men. The aim of this review was to assess the studies that evaluated the relationship between vitamin D and fertility in women and men as well as in animals. We performed a systematic literature search in Pubmed for relevant English language publications published until October 2011. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) and vitamin D metabolizing enzymes are found in reproductive tissues of women and men. Vdr knockout mice have significant gonadal insufficiency, decreased sperm count and motility, and histological abnormalities of testis, ovary and uterus. Moreover, we present evidence that vitamin D is involved in female reproduction including IVF outcome (clinical pregnancy rates) and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In PCOS women, low 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels are associated with obesity, metabolic, and endocrine disturbances and vitamin D supplementation might improve menstrual frequency and metabolic disturbances in those women. Moreover, vitamin D might influence steroidogenesis of sex hormones (estradiol and progesterone) in healthy women and high 25(OH)D levels might be associated with endometriosis. In men, vitamin D is positively associated with semen quality and androgen status. Moreover, vitamin D treatment might increase testosterone levels. Testiculopathic men show low CYP21R expression, low 25(OH)D levels, and osteoporosis despite normal testosterone levels.
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