Genetic variability of Phaius and Dendrobium orchids based on molecular markers

Abstract This study aims to assess the diversity and degree of grouping of several types of orchids in Indonesia. Laboratory work was carried out at the Laboratory of the Center for Horticulture and Tropical Studies IPB by analyzing the variability of orchids using RAPD. Plant material is taken from the orchid collection at the Bogor Botanical Gardens. The relationship between 9 orchids was analyzed using binary phenotype data and DNA band patterns as assessed by amplification of 2 random RAPD primers. The cluster analysis was carried out under the NTSYSpc version 2.02 program and the UPGMA SimQual function. The results showed genetic diversity of the genus Phaius and Dendrobium. Based on primers OPA7 and OPA9 with a similarity coefficient of 0.4 divided into 4 groups. Group I consisted of Phaius tankervilliae, Phaius montanus and Phaius callosus . Group II consisted of Dendrobium mirbelianum, Dendrobium lamellatum, Dendrobium liniale and Dendrobium biggibum . Group III consists of Dendrobium anosmum . Group IV consisted of Phaius ambionensis . The conclusion of this study is that there are 4 groups from the genus Phaius and Dendrobium based on the genetic marker RAPD.