Compatibility of prolonged infusion antibiotics during Y‐site administration

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to global public health. The use of prolonged infusions in the hospital setting for certain antimicrobials is widely increasing in order to improve their efficacy and safety, including resistance development. Due to limited vascular access, it is important to clarify whether they can be infused through the same line with other drugs during Y‐site administration. Aim The aim of this review is to update and summarize the evidence on Y‐site compatibility of antibacterial agents administered as prolonged infusions in intensive care units (ICUs). Study Design A literature review of PubMed, EMBASE and Trissel's Handbook on Injectable Drugs databases was conducted on the compatibility of selected antimicrobials administered simultaneously at a Y‐site connection with parenteral nutrition and other widely used drugs in ICUs. All articles published up to October 30, 2021, in English or Spanish were included, regardless of the type of publication (original articles, case reports, letters, etc.). Eligible antimicrobials were those that can be administered as prolonged infusions: ceftazidime, cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, ceftolozane/tazobactam, ceftaroline, cloxacillin, ceftobiprole, vancomycin and fosfomycin. Results A total of 1302 drug‐to‐drug potential combinations were explored, 196 (15.05%) were found to be incompatible, and in 541 (41.55%), data were not available. The results were presented in a simple 2‐dimensional consultation chart as a quick reference for health care professionals. Conclusions This review provides useful and reliable information on the compatibility of antimicrobials administered as Y‐site infusion with other drugs commonly used in the critical setting. This review contributes to patient safety in nursing practice. Relevance to Clinical Practice To our knowledge, this is the first review on Y‐site compatibility of antimicrobials used as prolonged infusions with other commonly used drugs, including anti‐emetics, analgesics and anti‐epileptic and parenteral nutrition. The results of the current review need to be addressed to promote the knowledge sharing between health professionals and improve the quality and safety of patients. We believe that this review may serve as a simple and effective 2‐dimensional updated drug‐to‐drug compatibility reference chart for critical care nurses.