Low‐Temperature Performance of Elastomeric Bearings

Elastomeric bearings are used in a wide range of structural applications. They support loads and accommodate movements by deformation of the elastomer. It is well known that elastomers may stiffen dramatically at very low temperatures. This causes serious problems for the bearing and the structure, because the deformation and movement capability is often most needed during these low temperature conditions. The low‐temperature stiffness of elastomeric bearings is examined in detail. The existing knowledge and test procedures are summarized and the limitations are noted. An experimental program to measure the low‐temperature stiffness is described. The experiments show that large increases in stiffness may occur, but the increase is dependent on the elastomer compound. A design procedure is proposed to assure that the proper elastomer compound is used for bridge bearings in a low‐temperature environment. This work should improve the understanding of low‐temperature behavior of elastomeric bearings, and provide practical design guidance for avoiding problems due to excess bearing stiffness.