副黄嘌呤
咖啡因
化学
一氧化氮
药理学
多巴胺
茶碱
代谢物
内科学
生物化学
心理学
神经科学
生物
新陈代谢
医学
有机化学
细胞色素P450
CYP1A2
作者
Sergi Ferré,Marco Orrù,Xavier Guitart
出处
期刊:Journal of caffeine research
[Mary Ann Liebert]
日期:2013-06-01
卷期号:3 (2): 72-78
被引量:12
标识
DOI:10.1089/jcr.2013.0006
摘要
Recent results obtained in our laboratory indicate that paraxanthine, the main metabolite of caffeine in humans, produces a significantly stronger locomotor activation in rats than caffeine. Furthermore, paraxanthine also produced a very significant increase in striatal extracellular concentrations of dopamine. Searching for an additional mechanism other than adenosine antagonism responsible for these psychostimulant-like effects, it was found that paraxanthine, but not caffeine, inhibited cGMP-preferring phosphodiesterases. Furthermore, interrupting nitric oxide neurotransmision (inhibiting nitric oxide synthase) significantly decreased both the locomotor-activating and the dopamine-releasing effects of paraxanthine. These results open up some obvious questions about the role of paraxanthine in the pharmacological effects of caffeine.
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