Objective:To study the role of Myofibrobosat in the process of wound contraction and discuss mechanisms of wound contraction. Methods:A comparable observation was completed on the wounds of ear and back of rabbits and Transelectromicroscope α SMA immunohistochemical methods were used in the process of wound contraction. Results:Myofibroblast appeared after wound contraction and the quantity of Myofibroblast appeared close related to the content of wound contraction. Conclusion:Myofibroblast is not the initial factor in wound contraction,but take part in the process of wound contraction. [