The harmness caused by deposited ash and foul on the outside wall of heat exchange tube, such as economizer, air preheater, water wall and superheater, to boiler operation was discussed, the results that a power plant with a type of BG-39/35-450-M2 boiler in Nanning city was cleaned showed that the regular cleaning the outside wall of thermal exchange tube can greatly reduce the degree of corrosion and abrasion on the surface of the tube, increase the area of thermal exchange, decrease the resistance to exhaust flue gas, lower the temperature of exhaust, promote the boiler's thermal efficiency and prolong its service life.