卤水
电
环境科学
化学工程
材料科学
淡水
纳米技术
环境工程
物理
热力学
量子力学
工程类
作者
Ning Xu,Haoran Zhang,Zheng‐Zhe Lin,Jinlei Li,Guoliang Liu,Xiuqiang Li,Wei Zhao,Xinzhe Min,Ping Yao,Zhen Lin,Yan Song,Bin Zhu,Shining Zhu,Jia Zhu
摘要
Abstract Complete separation of water and solute is the ultimate goal of water treatment, for maximized resource recycling. However, commercialized approaches such as evaporative crystallizers consume a large amount of electricity with a significant carbon footprint, leading to calls for alternative energy-efficient and eco-friendly strategies. Here, inspired by schooling fish, we demonstrate a collective system self-assembled by expanded polystyrene (EPS)-core/graphene oxide (GO)-shell particles, which enables autonomous, efficient and complete water-solute separation powered by sunlight. By taking advantage of surface tension, these tailored particles school together naturally and are bonded as a system to function collectively and coordinatively, to nucleate, grow and output salt crystals continuously and automatically out of even saturated brine, to complete water-solute separation. Solar-vapor conversion efficiency over 90% and salt production rate as high as 0.39 kg m–2 h–1 are achieved under 1-sun illumination for this system. It reduces the carbon footprint of ∼50 kg for treating 1-ton saturated brine compared with the commercialized approaches.
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