Large-area quaternary organic photovoltaic module with 12.36% certified efficiency

Multi-component doping is a widely-applied effective method to improve the performance of inorganic and organic semiconductor devices. Herein, a quaternary blending strategy was applied in the fabrication of organic photovoltaic devices and large-area module. As a result, the ultimate quaternary organic solar cells (OSCs) deliver 16.71% efficiency for small area device (certified as 16.4%), and 13.25% for large-area (19.34 cm2) module (certified as 12.36%), which is one of the highest efficiencies for organic solar modules to date. Our results have proved the synergistic effects of multi-components in OSCs, providing an effective strategy for achieving high-performance organic photovoltaic devices and modules.