Introduction of Avian Energetics

The paper consists of three parts:① the discipline structure—population energetics and ecological energetics;② development history and the present status in China;③ the scope of population energetics. The third part emphasizes estimating the energy demands of a population involving integrating individual energy demands with information on population size,structure,and dynamics. It includes individual metabolism,energetic equivalence of different activities,breeding energy and daily energy expenditure (DEE) and so on.