Omni‐Directional Antenna‐Based Rotational Speed Measurement of High‐Speed Rolling Carriers

Accurate rotational speed measurement is essential for high‐speed rolling carriers. Traditional rotational speed measurement techniques are often limited by low spin rate and harsh external environments, reducing their effectiveness in high‐dynamic conditions. This paper proposes a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)‐based rotational speed measurement method utilizing an omni‐directional antenna, which ensures continuous signal acquisition and tracking under high rotational speeds. A mathematical model is established to analyze the effect of missile spin on GNSS signals, enabling rotational speed estimation using in‐phase (I) and quadrature‐phase (Q) correlation values. To enhance tracking accuracy, we introduce a Frequency‐Locked Loop (FLL)‐assisted Phase‐Locked Loop (PLL) algorithm, which enables real‐time speed detection and improves system robustness against high‐frequency disturbances. Furthermore, an adaptive coherent integration time adjustment mechanism and a filter parameter optimization strategy are proposed to mitigate high‐frequency residual errors, ensuring high tracking accuracy and stability. Simulation results confirm that the omni‐directional antenna‐assisted system achieves higher frequency estimation accuracy and is significantly more stable than traditional PLL‐based methods, particularly under low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) conditions. The proposed approach meets the accuracy requirements for high‐speed rolling carriers within the range 3 r/s ≤ r ≤ 300 r/s, making it suitable for real‐time aircraft flight trajectory correction and aerospace applications. © 2025 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.