Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cell Using a Fluoride‐Assisted Surface Gradient Passivation Strategy

Abstract Wide‐band gap (1.68 eV) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are important components of perovskite/Si tandem devices. However, the efficiency of wide band gap PSCs has been limited by their huge open‐circuit voltage ( V oc ) deficit due to non‐radiative recombination. Deep‐level acceptor defects are identified as the major killers of V oc , and they can be effectively improved by passivation with ammonium salts. Theoretical calculation predicts that increasing the distance between F and −NH 3 + of fluorinated ammonium can dramatically enhance the electropositivity of −NH 3 + terminals, thus providing strong adsorption onto the negatively charged I A and I Pb anti‐site defects. Characterizations further confirm that surface gradient passivation employing p ‐FPEAI demonstrates the most efficient passivation effect. Consequently, a record‐efficiency of 21.63 % with the smallest V oc deficit of 441 mV is achieved for 1.68 eV‐band gap inverted PSCs. Additionally, a flexible PSC and 1 cm 2 opaque device also deliver the highest PCEs of 21.02 % and 19.31 %, respectively.