Effect of ion exchange resin membranes and activated carbon electrodes in water desalination using capacitive deionization technique with saline streams

Abstract Water contamination is increasing drastically today, and the government consistently works to reduce water pollution. This paper focuses on desalinating saline water using a capacitive deionization technique using activated carbon electrodes and ion exchange resin membranes. The developed model of the capacitive deionization cell works within 1.2 V, and the potential difference between the electrodes is varied within the threshold voltage of water. The concentrations of magnesium, sodium, and chlorine are measured in this investigation. The performance of the system was analyzed with a varied concentration of resin ion exchange membrane and various potential differences. The behavior of the capacitance deionization cell and rate with the conductance of water-electrolyte was studied. After the removal of ions, the conductivity of the electrolyte was reduced. Ion exchange resins are utilized to increase the electrical conductivity, which leads to an increase in the deionization rate. The ion exchange is carried out through the activated porous carbon electrodes. The experiment was carried out with varied voltages in saline streams, and the concentration of ions was evaluated. Due to the migration of positive and negative ions to the respective electrodes. The portable desalination model of efficient desalination level is derived. The energy and performance efficiencies are taken into consideration to evaluate the developed model. The cost of deionization is reduced compared with the reverse osmosis process. The deionization rate is high, leading to the production of a vast quantity of conditioned water for irrigation purposes. The study demonstrated that capacitive deionization (CDI) with activated carbon electrodes and ion exchange resin membranes effectively removes ions like magnesium, sodium, and chlorine, reducing water conductivity. Operating efficiently within a low-voltage range, the CDI system showed a high deionization rate suitable for large-scale applications, with lower costs than traditional reverse osmosis.