The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Language Test Development and Administration: What, How, and Why

Recent years have witnessed a growing academic interest in using artificial intelligence (AI) in language testing. AI has enormous potential to transform and revolutionize various aspects of language testing by offering new possibilities for test design, administration, scoring, and generating feedback, which can address existing limitations and issues of traditional practices in language testing. However, the employment of AI in language testing also poses new ethical, social, and pedagogical issues that need to be carefully considered and addressed. This chapter provides practitioners with current trends in using AI in language testing. With a focus on opportunities and challenges regarding AI technologies in language testing, this chapter is supposed to give practitioners guidelines for language test development and administration. The current critiques and potentials of the interest are discussed in the hope of improving language testing practices.