Eyes Are the Window of the Brain: Neuro-Ophthalmic Correlations.

The phrase "eyes are the window of the brain" reflects the intricate neuroanatomical and physiological connection between ocular structures and central nervous system (CNS) function. This review explores the vital role of the eyes in detecting neurological disorders, with emphasis on the optic nerve, retina, extraocular muscles and pupillary reflexes. Advances in neuro-ophthalmology have enhanced early detection of brain tumors, hydrocephalus, demyelinating diseases and raised intracranial pressure through ocular findings. This article synthesizes anatomical, clinical and imaging insights to underline the significance of ophthalmic evaluation in neurology and neurosurgery.