Future Terrestrial and Satellite Broadband

Future broadband is targeting very high individual speeds in the range of hundreds of Mbit/s to multiple Gbit/s in hotspot areas. To meet such expectations in the future, there is a need to use the best of all broadband technologies, including terrestrial and submarine cable networks. But terrestrial networks cannot reach everywhere in the sea, on land, and in the air, so the next generation access technologies include satellite broadband integrated with the terrestrial networks. In this manner, Chapter 3 is dedicated to future metallic access (Multi Gigabit fast – MG.fast over twisted pairs, and DOCSIS 4.0 over cable), future optical access (XG-PON, NG-PON2, 50G-PON), and Carrier Ethernet for telecoms. Further, it also covers SD-WAN (Software Defined – Wide Area Network) and ITU's OTN (Optical Transport Network), submarine cable transport networks, satellite broadband via LEO, MEO, and GEO, as well as business and regulatory approaches for fixed broadband.