Direct correlation between open-circuit voltage and quasi-fermi level splitting in perovskite solar cells: a computational step involving thickness, doping, lifetime, and temperature variations for green solutions

In this study, a 1D perovskite-based solar cell was simulated using COMSOL, incorporating CH 3 NH 3 GeI 3 (organic in-organic hybrid) as an absorber layer, SnO 2 as the electron transport layer (ETL), and Cu 2 Te as the hole transport layer (HTL).