Decoding recombination dynamics in perovskite solar cells: an in-depth critical review

losses, bridging the gap between the theoretical SQ limit and practical device performance. Subsequently, it delves into recent findings that aim to decipher the multifaced nature and origin of radiative and non-radiative recombination-induced losses within the device stack, assessing their impacts on overall performance. Furthermore, this review emphasizes the application of advanced machine learning techniques to discern dominant recombination mechanisms in PSCs. Finally, it summarizes the notable advanced strategies to mitigate undesirable non-radiative recombination losses, which pave the way to the thermodynamic efficiency limit.