材料科学
锂(药物)
电化学
无定形固体
纳米技术
接口(物质)
形态学(生物学)
超短脉冲
化学工程
化学
电极
结晶学
复合材料
工程类
物理化学
医学
激光器
物理
毛细管数
毛细管作用
生物
光学
遗传学
内分泌学
作者
Farjana J. Sonia,Golam Haider,Subrata Ghosh,Martin Müller,Oleksandr Volochanskyi,Milan Bouša,Jan Plšek,M. Kamruddin,A. Fejfar,Martin Kalbáč,Otakar Frank
出处
期刊:Small
[Wiley]
日期:2024-03-03
标识
DOI:10.1002/smll.202311250
摘要
Abstract Ultrafast high‐capacity lithium‐ion batteries are extremely desirable for portable electronic devices, where Si is the most promising alternative to the conventional graphite anode due to its very high theoretical capacity. However, the low electronic conductivity and poor Li‐diffusivity limit its rate capability. Moreover, high volume expansion/contraction upon Li‐intake/uptake causes severe pulverization of the electrode, leading to drastic capacity fading. Here, interface and morphology‐engineered amorphous Si matrix is being reported utilizing a few‐layer vertical graphene (VG) buffer layer to retain high capacity at both slow and fast (dis)charging rates. The flexible mechanical support of VG due to the van‐der‐Waals interaction between the graphene layers, the weak adhesion between Si and graphene, and the highly porous geometry mitigated stress, while the three‐dimensional mass loading enhanced specific capacity. Additionally, the high electronic conductivity of VG boosted rate‐capability, resulting in a reversible gravimetric capacity of ≈1270 mAh g −1 (areal capacity of ≈37 µAh cm −2 ) even after 100 cycles at an ultrafast cycling rate of 20C, which provides a fascinating way for conductivity and stress management to obtain high‐performance storage devices.
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