Recent advances in photocatalytic CO2 cycloaddition reaction

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a principal greenhouse gas with a substantial impact on global climate change. The photocatalytic reduction of CO2 represents an economically viable and environmentally benign approach. This technique involves the catalysis of the reaction between CO2 and epoxides under photocatalytic conditions to yield cyclic carbonates. Notably, this process has garnered significant attention due to its high atomic efficiency and alignment with green chemistry principles. Increasingly, photocatalysts are employed to facilitate the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, demonstrating outstanding performance even under natural light. This review evaluates the current state of research on the photocatalytic cycloaddition of CO2 with epoxides, analyzes the reaction mechanism and key influencing factors, and provides a comparative summary of the photocatalysts developed in this domain. Additionally, this paper underscores the significance of the reaction devices. The paper explores reaction devices with potential applications for photocatalytic CO2 and epoxides and envisions future integrations of CO2 photocatalytic cycloaddition reactions with advanced reaction devices for practical applications in this area.