The causal relationship between 91 inflammatory cytokines and Gestational Diabetes Mmellitus: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health, yet its precise etiology remains unclear. Observational studies have demonstrated a link between specific inflammatory cytokines and the occurrence of GDM, but the causal relationships remain uncertain.