Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion and Lithium Metal Batteries

In lithium (Li)-ion batteries (LIBs) and Li metal batteries (LMBs), electrolytes are not only responsible for conducting ions between the positive and negative electrodes, but also for forming effective electrode/electrolyte interphases, which determine the electrochemical performance and aging behavior of LIBs and LMBs. In LMBs, the electrolyte is also expected to suppress the formation and propagation of Li dendrites. Therefore, the electrolyte has a significant influence on the cycle life, power output and safety performance of LIBs and LMBs. In this chapter, the state-of-the-art liquid electrolyte systems and solid-state electrolyte systems will be summarized, and their microscopic structures, macroscopic properties and applicability in LIBs and LMBs will also be discussed.