THE AUTHORS OUTLINED NEW SOLUTIONS TO DIFFERENT GEOTECHNICAL PROBLEMS ARISING DURING THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE; THE SOLUTIONS WERE REACHED THANKS TO RECENT RAPID DEVELOPMENTS IN ENGINEERING GEOLOGY, SOIL MECHANICS AND ROCK MECHANICS. THIS ARTICLE DEALS WITH THE FOLLOWING: (1) PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION OF GRANULAR AND FINE SOILS AND OF ROCKS; (2) FAILURE OF GRANULAR AND FINE SOILS; (3) FORECAST OF DEFORMATIONS; (4) INVESTIGATION AND DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS; (5) IMPROVEMENT IN THE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL BY REDUCTION IN VOIDS RATIO, CREATION OF COHESION BETWEEN PARTICLES, AND PLACING OF REINFORCEMENT. SEE ALSO IRRD ABSTRACT NO 106831.