电解质
电化学
材料科学
锂(药物)
阴极
化学工程
快离子导体
金属锂
金属
相间
准固态
纳米技术
电极
化学
色素敏化染料
冶金
生物
工程类
内分泌学
物理化学
医学
遗传学
作者
Zhi Chang,Huijun Yang,Xingyu Zhu,Ping He,Haoshen Zhou
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41467-022-29118-6
摘要
Nanoconfined/sub-nanoconfined solvent molecules tend to undergo dramatic changes in their properties and behaviours. In this work, we find that unlike typical bulk liquid electrolytes, electrolytes confined in a sub-nanoscale environment (inside channels of a 6.5 Å metal-organic framework, defined as a quasi-solid electrolyte) exhibits unusual properties and behaviours: higher boiling points, highly aggregated configurations, decent lithium-ion conductivities, extended electrochemical voltage windows (approximately 5.4 volts versus Li/Li+) and nonflammability at high temperatures. We incorporate this interesting electrolyte into lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) and find that LMBs cycled in the quasi-solid electrolyte demonstrate an electrolyte interphase-free (CEI-free) cathode and dendrite-free Li-metal surface. Moreover, high-voltage LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2//Li (NCM-811//Li with a high NCM-811 mass loading of 20 mg cm-2) pouch cells assemble with the quasi-solid electrolyte deliver highly stable electrochemical performances even at a high working temperature of 90 °C (171 mAh g-1 after 300 cycles, 89% capacity retention; 164 mAh g-1 after 100 cycles even after being damaged). This strategy for fabricating nonflammable and ultrastable quasi-solid electrolytes is promising for the development of safe and high-energy-density LIBs/LMBs for powering electronic devices under various practical working conditions.
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