背景(考古学)
生化工程
标准化
持续性
纳米技术
生物技术
化学
计算机科学
工程类
材料科学
生物
古生物学
生态学
操作系统
作者
Tatiana B. Schreiner,Madalena M. Dias,M.F. Barreiro,Simão P. Pinho
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07893
摘要
The awareness of sustainability approaches has focused attention on replacing synthetic emulsifiers with natural alternatives when formulating nanoemulsions. In this context, a comprehensive review of the different types of saponins being successfully used to form and stabilize nanoemulsions is presented, highlighting the most common natural sources and biosynthetic routes. Processes for their extraction and purification are also reviewed altogether with the recent advances for their characterization. Concerning the preparation of the nanoemulsions containing saponins, the focus has been initially given to screening methods, lipid phase used, and production procedures, but their characterization and delivery systems explored are also discussed. Most experimental outcomes showed that the saponins present high performance, but the challenges associated with the saponins' broader application, mainly the standardization for industrial use, are identified. Future perspectives report, among others, the emerging biotechnological processes and the use of byproducts in a circular economy context.
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