Caries progression and need for reintervention on occlusal ICDAS 4 lesions after different treatments: a retrospective university-based study

Objective: To assess the caries progression and the need for reintervention on occlusal ICDAS 4 lesions afterdifferent treatments. Material and Methods: The sample consisted of records of children treated in a public settingwho had at least an occlusal ICDAS 4 lesion in primary and/or permanent molars. The radiographic images ofICDAS 4 lesions at the first and last appointments were classified as absence of radiolucency, radiolucent imageat the enamel–dentin junction, at the outer half or inner of the dentin. The need for retreatment after differenttreatments (non-invasive - topical fluoride applications, oral hygiene instructions and dietary guidance, microinvasive- resin-based sealant, or invasive - restoration) was assessed by reviewing clinical and radiographicrecords. The need for retreatment was defined as any complication requiring mending (e.g., caries progression,total loss of sealant, or restoration failure). The Poisson regression model was used to investigate the associationbetween individual and tooth-related variables and the outcome. Results: Among the 111 lesions in 81 patients,most (73.0%) lesions were in primary molars. Most lesions (52.3%) did not exhibit radiolucency, whereas 29.7%had radiolucency at the outer half of the dentin. The mean follow-up was 18.8 ± 6.5 months. After follow-up,82.9% of the lesions did not require retreatment. The prevalence of ICDAS 4 lesions that did not need retreatmentwas higher among lesions with radiolucency at dentin (p=0.01). Conclusion: Most occlusal ICDAS 4 lesions didnot require reintervention, especially those exhibiting radiolucency in the outer half of the dentin.KEYWORDSDental caries; Clinical decision-making; Dental radiography.