Rectal delivery of 89Zr-labeled infliximab-loaded nanoparticles enables PET imaging-guided localized therapy of inflammatory bowel disease

Zr-INF@PPNP retention at inflamed foci indicated prolonged INF@PPNP action. INF@PPNP rectally achieved similar anti-inflammatory effects as intravenously injected INF, demonstrating the high therapeutic potential. Our findings support the use of nanoparticle-based rectal administration for localized drug delivery, prolonging drug activity and minimizing systemic exposure, ultimately offering an effective approach for treating IBD.