Multi-Objective Optimization Study of Nozzle Outlet Size Based on Atomization Performance

Abstract The nozzle plays a significant role in the nuclear power plant’s safety and the reactor’s integrity. The structure of the nozzle directly affects the atomization performance, consequently impacting the pressure and temperature variations within the regulator. This study focuses on the single inlet pressure-swirl nozzle structure, employing the response surface optimization method to obtain the influence of nozzle outlet diameter, outlet length, and outlet chamfer on atomization performance. The optimization responses encompass droplet size, droplet uniformity, and atomizing cone angle, and Design-Expert software is utilized to optimize the design of the nozzle outlet size. Compared to the pre-optimization state, the optimized nozzle exhibited a 43.44% reduction in average droplet diameter, a 30.74% increase in atomization cone angle, and a 76.73% improvement in droplet uniformity.