A Convergent Iteration Method for 3-D AOA Localization

Using angle-of-arrival (AOA) measurements from several sensors to locate a target in 3-D space is one of the commonly used wireless localization techniques. A challenge of this technique is that the weighted least-squares (WLS) needed for it tend to incur the threshold effect when the noise level is high or when the localization geometry is poor, because its implementation requires the inversion of a matrix whose condition number will be large under such conditions. This paper presents an iterative method that does not require any matrix operation and is proved to be convergent with any initial value. Additionally, it outperforms the WLS-based methods as validated by comprehensive simulation results. Index Term -Angle-of-arrival (AOA), target localization, weighted least-squares (WLS).