Since the existing computer color measuring and matching and overdyeing for colored cotton fabric are confronted with such problems as many times of overdyeing and long time consumption,the overdyeing methods based on the available color measuring and matching instruments were analyzed in order to establish a new color measuring and matching method for overdyeing of colored cotton fabric.The blank cotton fabrics were dyed with single dye by once and twice separately to stimulate the dyeing process of colored cotton fabric,and their total amount of dye was identical.The results showed that the K/S value of the cotton fabric dyed by twice was lower than that by once.Basic databases of the blank cotton fabrics and the colored cotton substrates were established,respectively,and the accuracy of these databases was tested.The results showed that the accuracy of latter was higher than that of the former.The color difference value was smaller than 1 after twice shading.It provides a new method for overdyeing of colored cotton fabric when using computer color measuring and matching.