Objective To explore the risk factors for adult asthma in Ningxia.Methods A hospital-based case-control study in 122 patients of adult asthma and 205 community controls was carried out to investigate risk factors for adult asthma.The data was statistically analyzed by unconditional logistic regression.Results It was revealed in univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis that occupational dust or gas exposed,house fitment,Family history of asthma had statistically significant correlation(P0.01),the OR values of them were 3.25,6.23 and 4.38 respectively.Drying the bedding regularity might decrease the risk of asthma(P0.01),the OR values was 0.27.Conclusion It was suggested that occupational dust or gas exposed,house fitment,Family history of asthma might be the risk factor of asthma while Drying the beddings regularly would be the protective factor.