Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of recombinant human erythropoietin in the treatment of anemia complicating chronic kidney disease.Methods Eighty patients with anemia complicating chronic kidney disease were divided into treatment group and control group with 40 patients respectively based on the treatment method.Both groups were first given conventional hemodialysis and the treatment group was given additional treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin injection.Results The total effective rates were 95.0% in treatment group and 80.0% in control group respectively,with significant difference between the two groups.After the treatment,hemoglobin and hematocrit significantly increased in both groups(P 0.05),with significant difference between the two groups(P 0.05).In the treatment group,elevation of blood pressure occurred in 2 patients;The conditions of adverse reactions were similar between the two groups(P 0.05).Conclusion Recombinant human erythropoietin,as the complementary treatment of anemia complicating chronic kidney disease,can quickly increase the hemoglobin and hematocrit levels of patients,significantly improves their anemia symptom and shows few adverse reactions,thereby worthy of promotion and application.