材料科学
复合材料
复合数
纵横比(航空)
导电体
渗流阈值
刚度
纳米复合材料
电阻率和电导率
电气工程
工程类
作者
Amir Mohammadi Nasab,Trevor L. Buckner,Bilige Yang,Rebecca Kramer‐Bottiglio
标识
DOI:10.1002/admt.202100920
摘要
Variable stiffness in elastomers can be achieved through the introduction of low melting point alloy particles, such as Field's metal (FM), enabling on-demand switchable elasticity and anisotropy in response to thermal stimulus. Because the FM particles are thermally transitioned between solid and liquid phases, it is beneficial for the composite to be electrically conductive so the stiffness may be controlled via direct Joule heating. While FM is highly conductive, spherical particles contribute to a high percolation threshold. In this paper, it is shown that the percolation threshold of FM particulate composites can be reduced with increasing particles aspect ratio. Increasing the aspect ratio of phase-changing fillers also increases the rigid-to-soft modulus ratio of the composite by raising the elastic modulus in the rigid state while preserving the low modulus in the soft state. The results indicate that lower quantities of high aspect ratio FM particles can be used to achieve both electrical conductivity and stiffness-switching via a single solution and without introducing additional conductive fillers. This technique is applied to enable a highly stretchable, variable stiffness, and electrically conductive composite, which, when patterned around an inflatable actuator, allows for adaptable trajectories via selective softening of the surface materials.
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