Preparation and Electromagnetic Wave Absorption Property of Carbon Fiber Based YSPM Composites

In order to broaden the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of the electromagnetic wave absorption material (YSPM) prepared in our previous work, carbon fibers (CF) were introduced to effectively optimized the dielectric constant of YSPM. Polydopamine (PDA) was used as adhesive agent to facilitate the attachment of YSPM onto the CF surface, constructing a structurally stable and high-performance fiber-based electromagnetic wave absorbing material (CF@YSPM). By optimizing the concentration of DA·HCl, the weight ratio of CF to YSPM, and the reaction time, the performance of CF@YSPM electromagnetic wave absorbing composite was systematically enhanced. The results revealed that the incorporation of CF established an efficient conductive network, and significantly improved the loss characteristics of CF@YSPM, enabling effective electromagnetic energy absorption and dissipation without increasing thickness or additives. Through range analysis, the optimal preparation parameters were determined as follows: DA·HCl concentration of 1.5 mol/L, CF-to-YSPM weight ratio of 1 : 3, and reaction time of 24 h. At 8.45 GHz, the composite achieved superior absorption with a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of –51.23 dB. With a thickness of 2.2 mm, EAB extended to 14.02 GHz, covering multiple important electromagnetic wave frequency bands. Consequently, this study successfully developed a novel carbon fiber-based composite with exceptional broadband electromagnetic wave-absorbing properties through hierarchical structural design and compositional optimization.