Research Progress on the Application of Graphene Aerogel in the Field of Electrochemical Energy Storage

ABSTRACT The rise of effective systems of electrochemical energy storage is today a research hotspot in the conditions of transformation of the global energy structure and the large‐scale integration of new energy. Solving the problem of poor conductivity and structural stability in current electrode materials, graphene aerogels have appeared as the best materials to solve the existing technological bottlenecks since they bear considerably good electrical conductivity, extremely large specific surface area, and stable structure. The current paper takes a systematic review of the research advances in the study of graphene aerogels and outlines the preparation methods, including in situ assembly, chemical cross‐linking, the template method, 3D printing technology, and the sustainable synthesis method of biomass, in which such preparation methodologies can affect material microstructure. It is on this foundation that this research study examines the action mechanisms and applications of these materials in supercapacitors, zinc‐air batteries, and lithium‐ion batteries. It offers a deep examination of ways of performance optimization through building composite structures that consist of carbonaceous materials, covalent organic frameworks, and metal compounds. Finally, technical challenges are summarized and future trends forecasted to guide the design of novel, efficient energy storage devices.