Effect of Stink Bean Extract Gel on MDA and IL-10 Levels in UVB-Exposed Rat Skin Tissue: A Preclinical Investigation

Background: UVB exposure can induce melanin synthesis by increasing MDA levels and suppressing interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression. Metabolite compounds in Stink bean extract may inhibit oxidative stress caused by UVB exposure. This study aimed to determine the effect of Stink bean extract gel on MDA and IL-10 levels in rat skin tissue exposed to high-intensity UVB.Methods: This study used a posttest-only control group design with a completely randomized method. The sample consisted of 24 rats exposed to 302 nm UVB radiation at 390 mJ/cm2/day, 3 times a week for 2 weeks. The study included four groups: healthy control (K1), negative control (K2), treatment 1 (K3) with 10% Stink bean extract gel, and treatment 2 (K4) with 20% Stink bean extract gel. MDA and IL-10 levels were analyzed using ELISA assay. Results: ELISA analysis showed a significant decrease in mean MDA levels in K4 (0.61±0.15) and K3 (0.71±0.11) compared to the negative control (1.65±0.30) with p<0.05. Analysis of IL-10 levels also showed a significant increase in mean IL-10 levels in K3 (189.00±11.41) and K4 (252.49±4.37) compared to the negative control (96.42±6.16) with p<0.05. Conclusion: Stink bean extract gel administration can suppress MDA levels and increase IL-10 levels in UVB-exposed photoaging rat models.