Ferroelastic phase transition-modulated electronic transport and photoelectric properties in monolayer 1T′ ZrCl2

direction. In contrast, the O3 variant exhibits a more balanced photoresponse with comparable performance in both directions. These findings provide insights into structure-property relationships in ferroelastic 2D materials and pave the way for developing phase transition-based multifunctional devices for applications in information processing, energy conversion, and sensing.